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Inform me if I am lacking one thing right here:
If a authorities recognised that an adversery of theirs had a number of bitcoin reserves, could not they only ‘crash’ the bitcoin community by spinning up sufficient full nodes to realize 51% of the community (not a tough factor to do for an enormous authorities)? They clearly could not produce fraudulent transactions or something (speaking about non-mining full nodes clearly). However they might simply cease receiving/validating/appending new blocks. How would any specific node that blindly connects to one in every of these 51%’ers know to not work together with it? How would a given node ‘know’ who to question for chain knowledge? Btw, I perceive the federal government would have NO financial curiosity in doing this. They’d be purely knocking out another person, however that is useful sufficient certainly.
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The query has the looks of blending up two several types of assault
The primary is the place an attacker controls >50% of the worldwide mining hashpower, not 51% of nodes. That is an assault on each node within the community concurrently.
The second is the place an attacker controls all the friends of a node. It is a focused assault on a single node. Since a node may solely have ten friends, this doesn’t essentially contain creating an enormous variety of dishonest nodes. It is usually foiled if the attacked node has contact with just one trustworthy node. That method it would develop into conscious of a sequence with extra work than the attackers’.
Many misconceptions right here, first off you dont even want a fraction of a Bitcoin to run a node. You may spin up nodes 100% without cost, the one related nodes by way of establishing community consensus (about new blocks) could be nodes that miners submit their proof of labor to that are usually thought of “mining swimming pools”. These swimming pools are literally chosen BECAUSE of how safe and decentralized they’re, when any of those swimming pools act out of the curiosity of the miners (ie ordinals filling a full block on luxor pool) it causes them to fall out of the highest pool ranks ie miners go someplace else. To not point out since these swimming pools are so huge, having a central actor or perhaps a hand filled with them management the entire thing is extremely unlikely, in the event that they did something fallacious miners would discover inside the hour max and change to a different pool. In the event that they had been in a proof of stake system they’d be frozen from withdrawing from the attackers pool.
Contemplating that is the distinction between pool maintainers making dwelling and being bankrupt I’d say the incentives are HIGH to maintain it safe and decentralized.